Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chapter 4 Grammar Skills 111 Review and Assessment 4 Review Your Knowledge 1. List the eight parts of speech. 2. Describe the difference between a phrase and a clause. 3. Summarize how the following are typically constructed: simple sentence, compound sentence, and complex sentence. 4. Differentiate between a noun and pronoun. 5. Describe what it means for a pronoun to be in first, second, and third person. 6. What is the role of articles in English? 7. Explain the difference between passive voice and active voice, and the advantages of using each. 8. Name and describe the three forms of adverbs. 9. What is a prepositional phrase? 10. How can an interjection be written to seem more forceful? Apply Your Knowledge 1. What is the origin of the word grammar? Interpret your findings and write several paragraphs about what you learned. 2. In each sentence that follows, identify and label the simple subject, complete subject, simple predicate, complete predicate, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, and prepositional phrase. Note that some sentences will not have all of these parts. A. The large box contains office supplies. B. Return the book to the library. C. This man is the committee chairperson. D. The large flower arrangement of roses and lilies was beautiful. 3. Identify the nouns and pronouns in the sentences that follow. A. She is keying quickly and accurately. B. Certainly, I will complete the finance report. C. What do you recommend? D. Some items will be returned to the store. 4. Write several paragraphs that describe an activity, sport, or hobby that interests you. Use each of the eight parts of speech at least once. Use at least one simple sentence, one compound sentence, and one complex sentence. Pay particular attention to the correct usage of verbs. When you are finished, edit the document to check for correct grammar. 5. Identify the conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in the sentences that follow. A. The cat is hiding beneath the chair. B. Well, that book was a disappointment. C. Not only will I run the race, but also I will win it. D. The dog is running toward the ball. Communication Skills Speaking. Select three of your classmates to participate in a discussion panel. Acting as the team leader, name each person to a specific task such as time- keeper, recorder, etc. Discuss the topic of using Standard English versus using texting language in the workplace. Keep the panel on task and promote democratic discussion. Listening. Active listeners know when to comment and when to remain silent. Practice your listening skills while your instructor presents this chapter. Participate when appropriate and build on his or her ideas. College and Career Readiness