Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 459 Chapter 14 Wireless Network Security ANT is primarily used by sensors and many products in the sports, fitness, and health-care sectors. ANT devices are particularly vulnerable to jamming or DoS attacks, as well as intercepted data since encryption is not enabled by default and must be configured manually. To ensure secure deployment, encryption should be used and best practices should be applied when transmitting data. Infrared Infrared (IR) is a wireless communication technology that conveys data through infrared radiation. Infrared is a short- and medium-length communication option that uses electromagnetic energy at a wavelength longer than that of red light. It is a type of light that exists outside the visible light spectrum. Infrared operates using line-of-sight methods as opposed to radio waves. Line-of-sight refers to a connection that requires a broadcaster and receiver to be visible to one another with no inter- ruption in the light between them. Some systems require an unobstructed access between transmitter (source) and receiver (destination). There is also a very limited range in using this technology. These two aspects increase the security of using infrared communication and combined with fast speed make it an attractive option for development of new technologies. Additionally, infra- red is often used when security is of top concern or when third-party interference is expected. GPS Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) are communication methods that enable a device called a GPS receiver to communicate and receive information from global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs). These satellites transmit microwave signals to the earth and the devices use their receivers to enable communication. GPS technology is used extensively in geographic information systems, which combine cellular networks for communication GPS information to provide mapping and location services. Security concerns for GPS range from privacy implications of locating people to the possibil- ity of GPS coordinates being hacked in planes, boats, and cars. Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a wireless technology that uses electro- magnetic fields to automatically identify objects and track tags or smart labels that are attached to the objects. RFID is employed in many fields, including ID badges, inventory management, libraries, and supply chain management. Narrowband Narrowband (NB) is a radio communication method that utilizes a narrow set, or band, of frequencies within a given communication channel. In a sense, narrowband is the opposite of broadband, which uses wide bandwidth data transmissions. The difference between narrowband and broadband is further illustrated in Figure 14-8. Narrowband connections are used for devices with short-range abilities, such as RFID connections and automotive keyless entry fobs. Narrowband is also employed in Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices, which are able to transmit over an extended range while using little power. Narrowband devices have a low network footprint and do not offer a major secu- rity risk on their own. The security implications arise from the scale of NB devices. There is a strong potential for coordinating denial of service (DoS) attacks by using a wide array of devices to send unplanned communication to victims. 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.6