Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
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networking. A process of building relationships
with people who can help you. (33)
networking letter. A letter sent to an assortment
of people who you know personally or who
are referred to you to inform them that you
are available for employment. After receiving
the letter, these individuals could pass your
name on to the appropriate people or provide
you with valuable insight into possible
employment opportunities. (33)
neurons. Specialized nerve cells that receive and
transmit neural impulses and are the building
blocks of the brain. (4)
newsletters. Written communications shared
on a regular basis that most often include
information concerning a variety of
subjects. (32)
No Child Left Behind Act. A federal lawpassed
in 2001 that was designed to improve the
quality of education and improve outcomes
for all children. Every child is supposed to be
able to read at the end of third grade. (4)
nocturnal. Animals that usually sleep during the
day and are awake at night. (24)
nonaccidental physical injury. Physical abuse
infl icted on purpose. (11)
nonprofi t centers. Operated for charitable
purposes, often sponsored by an agency. (2)
nonverbal behavior. Communication through
actions and facial expressions rather than
words. (14)
norm. The behavior, skills, or interest of children
that are typical at a certain age. Norms are
derived by taking the average of a large
group. (4)
novelty transitions. The use of unusual, new
actions or devices to move the children from
one activity to another. (17)
number sense. The understanding of how
numbers work. (23)
numerals. The symbols that represent numbers. (23)
nutrients. The chemical substances in food that
help build and maintain the body. (12)
nutrition. The science of food and how the body
uses the foods taken in. (12)
nutrition concepts. Basic concepts that will help
children develop good lifetime healthful
eating habits. (26)
O
obesity. A major health problem caused by
overeating. A condition in which the body
weight is 20 percent or more above the
normal weight the child’s age, physical build,
and gender. (8)
object permanence. The understanding that
objects continue to exist even if the infant
cannot see them. This skill typically emerges
between 8 and 12 months of age. (5)
omission. The act of leaving out or excluding
something. (25)
ongoing assessment. Type of assessment after
an initial assessment that measures a child’s
continuing progress or development over
time. (3)
one-to-one correspondence. The understanding
that one group has the same number as
another. (23)
onlookers. Those who watch others, but do not
get involved. (15)
open-ended questions. Questions that promote
discussion and require more than one-word
answers. (14)
operation. The manipulation of ideas based on
logic rather than perception. (8)
oral language. The use of sounds for
communication and self-expression. (7)
overeating. The intake of more food than is
needed by the body to function properly, often
causing health and emotional problems. (12)
overfamiliarity. Lack of interest in a particular
toy shown by children who are given the
same toy day after day. (29)
overstimulated. Overexcited. (15)
overstimulation. A fl ood of sounds and sights. (4)
P
palpable. Recognizable. (24)
pantomiming. Telling a story with body
movements rather than words. (27)
parallel play. A type of play in which children
play by themselves but stay close by other
children. All the children may be involved
in similar activities, but play between and
among the children does not exist. (21)
Glossary
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