Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 148 Summary The family is the most important social unit in cultures throughout the world. Each person fulfills various inherited and assigned roles as a family member. The family provides the functions of procreation, physical care, socialization, and emotional support for its members. Families take the form of different family structures. A nuclear family includes a husband, wife, and their children. A single-parent family has one parent and one or more children. A stepfamily contains stepparents and stepchildren. Extended family includes relatives such as an aunt or a grandmother. An adoptive family forms when a couple or single person legally adopts a child from another family. A foster family forms when a couple temporarily provides care for a child because his or her parents cannot. A childless family consists of a couple without children. Single people do not live in any of these family structures. They meet their needs for the functions provided by a family in other ways. Various outside forces may affect the roles and responsibilities of family members. Culture, society, and technology are strong influences. Some demographic factors that affect families include more women working outside the home, the longer lives of older family members, and more families moving more often. Economic forces and world events can also affect families. Throughout their lives, the structures of families change. Some of these changes occur as a family goes through the stages of the family life cycle. Other changes in family structure are the result of divorce or remarriage. Critical Thinking 1. Draw conclusions. Which of the family structures discussed in this chapter do you feel is best equipped to provide the functions of the family? Explain your answer. 2. Analyze decisions. If you were going to choose a family-related career, which one would you choose? Why? 3. Form a hypothesis. Which stage in the family life cycle do you think would be the most exciting stage for parents? Explain your answer. 4. Analyze effects. List two consequences a divorce would have for each of the following: a husband, a wife, and children. 21st Century Applications 5. Creativity and innovation. Write a story about a family in the year 2050. Describe how roles of family members and functions provided by the family might change in the future. 6. Global awareness. Research the emphasis on family in different cultures. Then compare and contrast two cultures of your choice. 7. Media literacy. Develop a list of new technologies that influence families. For each item on your list, identify the positive and negative influences on families. Chapter 6 Review 149 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Core Skills 8. Social studies, reading. Research how families in various countries perform the function of socialization. How are they similar or different than socialization customs with which you are familiar? 9. Writing. Research the current trends regarding the launching stage. Statistically, how many “launched” children return home to live with their parents again? Write a report including references of your findings. 10. Speaking. Research the current statistics on divorce and remarriage. Share your findings in an oral report. 11. Social studies. Discuss how the family unit has remained a constant in the evolution of the human race. 12. Reading. Use the Internet to research statistics on single adults. What percentage of the population stays single today as compared to 50 years ago? a hundred years ago? Why do you think this is the case? 13. Math. Use the Internet to find statistics on the percentage of women working away from home. Find statistics from the last 50 years, then use graphing software to make a graph illustrating the trend. Leadership Development As a part of working on the Family Ties unit of the Power of One National Program, set goals for increasing your role in providing some of the functions of the family for family members. After carrying out a plan of action to achieve those goals, write a two-page report explaining how this project has made a difference in your life. Portfolio Builder Perform volunteer work with a family service organization in your community. Possible organizations might include Big Brothers, Big Sisters, Habitat for Humanity, homeless shelters, and food banks. Document your experience for your portfolio, including: • name and description of the organization • dates of your participation • description of what you did • any photos showing your participation Journal Writing Your family believes your older sister has been successfully launched. She has chosen a career, achieved the required education, completed training, and accepted a job within driving distance of her apartment. To your parents’ surprise, she announces that she will be moving back home with them…and you. Write About It: How will this affect you? What rules and expectations might apply to your sister that do not apply to you? Which rules and expectations might apply to you that do not apply to your sister? vii It is important to assess what you learn as you progress through the text. Multiple opportunities are provided to confi rm your learning as you explore the text content. End-of- chapter formative assessment activities include the following: Reading Review 1. Explain how heredity and environment affect growth. 2. ve types of growth? Give an example of each. 3. Explain how growth and development occur in sequential steps. 4. How would Bandura explain why two people respond to the same experiences differently? What is his theory called? 5. According to Piaget’s cognitive theory, why do young children think differently from the way teens do? 6. uenced by the people who interact with the child. Give an example of this type of learning. 7. According to Kohlberg, at which stage of moral development does a t me?” At which t all of society?” Reading Review questions at the end of each section help you check your comprehension of key text concepts. Critical Thinking questions challenge you to use your higher-level thinking skills when reviewing chapter concepts. Portfolio Builder projects guide you in developing a portfolio of your best work throughout this course. Learning the basics about portfolio development will help compile an effective portfolio for future employment. Core Skills activities link to academic subjects and skills, including reading, writing, speaking, listening, history, math, science, and social studies. FCCLA Leadership Development activities encourage leadership development through Family, Career and Community Leaders of America activities and competitive STAR Events. Each activity enhances your classroom learning and emphasizes family and consumer sciences concepts. Journal Writing activities offer real-life scenarios to help you apply text concepts and expand your reflective writing skills. 21st Century Applications activities help prepare you for real-life scenarios as a student, family member, citizen, and member of the workforce. These activities encourage learning and innovation skills life and career skills core subject skills and information, media, and technology skills.