Section 4 Problem Solving and Design in Technology
206
together mechanical and hydraulic compo-
nents into a speed-reduction system. The
brake-pedal unit is a mechanical linkage.
When the pedal is depressed, a plunger in
the master cylinder is moved. This motion
causes the fluid to move in the hydraulic
system connecting the master cylinder to
the wheel cylinders. The fluid movement
pushes the pistons outward in the wheel
cylinders. These pistons are attached to the
brake shoes. The piston movement causes
the shoe to be forced against the brake
drum. The mechanical action creates fric-
tion between the shoe and the drum, which
slows the automobile.
This design can be used in all techno-
logical areas. For example, it is an impor-
tant part of construction technology.
See Figure 10-3. Electrical, heating and
cooling, plumbing, and communication
systems are designed for buildings. In
manufacturing, the methods of produc-
tion, warehousing, and material handling
must be designed. Messages are carried
over fiber-optic and microwave commu-
nication systems. Transportation systems
Career Corner
Drafters
Drafters prepare engineering and architectural
drawings and plans that manufacturing and construc-
tion workers use. They communicate technical details
using rough sketches, drawings, and specifications.
Most drafters use computer-aided design (CAD)
systems to prepare their drawings. There is a number
of different types of drafters, including aeronautical,
architectural, electrical and electronic, and mechanical
drafters.
Many drafting positions require postsecondary-
school training in drafting, which can be acquired at
technical institutes, community colleges, and four-year
colleges and universities. Entry-level drafters usually
do routine work under close supervision. More experi-
enced drafters do difficult work with less supervision.
combine manufactured vehicles and other
components to move goods and passen-
gers from place to place. Irrigation systems
are used to water crops. Pipelines are part
Figure 10-3. System designers devise
heating and cooling, plumbing,
communication, and electrical systems
for buildings.
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