viii Brief Contents Chapter 1 Technology and You—An Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Chapter 2 Learning to Work Safely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Chapter 3 What Are Design and Designing?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Chapter 4 Learning to Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 Chapter 5 Sketching and Drawing Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 Chapter 6 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122 Chapter 7 Processing Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168 Chapter 8 The Four Industrial Sectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204 Chapter 9 Technology and the Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238 Chapter 10 Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .278 Chapter 11 Engineering and Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .302 Chapter 12 Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .342 Chapter 13 Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370 Chapter 14 Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400 Chapter 15 Electricity and Magnetism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432 Chapter 16 Using Electricity and Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .462 Chapter 17 Information and Communication Technology . . . . . . . . .490 Chapter 18 Robotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .516 Chapter 19 Agricultural and Biomedical Engineering. . . . . . . . . . . .558 Chapter 20 Preparing for Your Career . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .578