A completed root pass will have even ripples on both the root side and the face side of the weld. For fi ll passes on thick joints, use stringer bead or weave bead passes. See Figure 22-8. Exercise 22-3 Making a Horizontal Butt Weld 1. Obtain two pieces of carbon steel measuring 1/8″ × 1 1/2″ × 6″ (3.2 mm × 40 mm × 150 mm). 2. Clean one long edge on each piece. 3. Set up the welding machine. Set the shielding gas flow rate. 4. Select and prepare the electrode. Select the correct welding rod. 5. Tack weld the two pieces together to form a butt joint that has a root opening of 1/16″ (1.5 mm). Place the workpiece in a horizontal position. 6. Weld the butt joint. Add filler metal to obtain a slightly crowned weld face. Watch the weld pool to make sure both pieces are melted to the root of the joint. Inspection: The completed weld should have even ripples on both the face side and root side of the joint. The bead should be even in width along the entire joint. There should not be any defects. Goodheart-Willcox Publishing Figure 22-7. The keyhole will be seen at the bottom of the groove weld when there is proper penetration. Goodheart-Willcox Publishing Figure 22-6. The suggested electrode and welding rod angles for making a butt weld in the horizontal position. The electrode should point upward 5°–15° to keep the bead from sagging. Goodheart-Willcox Publishing Figure 22-8. A completed root pass with a weave bead fill pass being added to complete a V-groove weld. 60°–75° 5°–15° 15°–20° Direction of motion Perpendicular to surface Weld axis Welding rod Direction of weld Weld pool 60°–75° Root pass 2nd pass Perpendicular to surface 15°–20° 5°–15° Chapter 22 GTAW: Horizontal, Vertical, and Overhead Welding Positions 327 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.