v Contents in Brief Unit One The Children and You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Chapter 1 You: Working with Young Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Chapter 2 Types of Early Childhood Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Chapter 3 Observing Children: A Tool for Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Chapter 4 Child Development Principles and Theories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Chapter 5 Understanding Children from Birth to Age Two. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Chapter 6 Understanding Two- and Three-Year-Olds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Chapter 7 Understanding Four- and Five-Year-Olds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Chapter 8 Middle Childhood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Unit Two Creating a Safe and Healthful Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Chapter 9 Preparing the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Chapter 10 Selecting Toys, Equipment, and Educational Materials . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Chapter 11 Promoting Children’s Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Chapter 12 Planning Nutritious Meals and Snacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Chapter 13 Guiding Children’s Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Unit Three Guiding Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Chapter 14 Developing Guidance Skills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Chapter 15 Guidance Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Chapter 16 Establishing Classroom Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Chapter 17 Handling Daily Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Unit Four Learning Experiences for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Chapter 18 The Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Chapter 19 Guiding Art, Blockbuilding, and Sensory Experiences. . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Chapter 20 Guiding Storytelling and Language Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 Chapter 21 Guiding Play and Puppetry Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 Chapter 22 Guiding Manuscript Writing Experiences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 Chapter 23 Guiding Mathematical Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452 Chapter 24 Guiding Science and Technology Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 Chapter 25 Guiding Social Studies Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 Chapter 26 Guiding Food and Nutrition Experiences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516 Chapter 27 Guiding Music and Movement Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530 Chapter 28 Guiding Field Trip Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554 Unit Five Other People You Will Meet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 Chapter 29 Programs for Infants and Toddlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572 Chapter 30 Programs for School-Age Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598 Chapter 31 Guiding Children with Special Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618 Chapter 32 Engaging Parents and Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648 Chapter 33 A Career for You in Early Childhood Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674