Architecture: Residential Drafting and Design, 12th Edition Page 17 (39 of 960)

Chapter 1 Architectural Styles 17
Thomas Paradis, Northern Arizona University
Figure 1-17. A traditional Garrison style home. Distinguishing features are an overhanging second story, wood
siding, and a steep pitch roof.
Paul Matthew Photography/Shutterstock.com
Figure 1-18. The Spanish Eclectic style takes many different forms. This example has a decorative clay roof
over the chimney, as well as the tile roof, arched entry, and square tower that were typical of this style.
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Chapter 1 Architectural Styles 17
Thomas Paradis, Northern Arizona University
Figure 1-17. A traditional Garrison style home. Distinguishing features are an overhanging second story, wood
siding, and a steep pitch roof.
Paul Matthew Photography/Shutterstock.com
Figure 1-18. The Spanish Eclectic style takes many different forms. This example has a decorative clay roof
over the chimney, as well as the tile roof, arched entry, and square tower that were typical of this style.
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

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16 Section 1 Architectural Drafting Fundamentals
inspired America’s interest in Spanish architecture.
The Spanish Eclectic style, popular from 1920 to
1940, included elements from the Native American,
Colonial American, Arts and Crafts, and Spanish
architectural periods. The mixture of decorative
elements from multiple eras is what distinguished
the style as “eclectic.” Although the Spanish
Eclectic style was found mainly in the south-
western and southeastern United States, it was
also used in the north.
Distinguishing features of Spanish Eclectic
included an asymmetrical facade, low-pitched
tile roofs, a prominent arch above the main
doorway, arched main windows, stucco walls,
decorative tile or stucco vents, and chimneys
with clay or tile roofs. The houses often had
round or square towers, carved stone decoration,
and open or roofed balconies with wood or iron
railings. See Figure 1-18.
from the early Colonial period. The Cape Cod
and Saltbox were common forms; however,
Georgian and Federal architecture became the
major infl uences for design. The rectangular shape,
often with a one-story wing (addition on the side)
had rectangular, double-hung windows, often
grouped in adjacent pairs. A centrally located
door was decorated with a pediment, typically
enclosed within a covered porch or portico.
A popular Colonial Revival style was the
Garrison, Figure 1-17. A distinguishing feature
of the Garrison was the overhanging second
story, which made it possible to add extra space
to the second level at little extra cost.
Spanish Eclectic
The Panama-California Exposition (a cele-
bration of the Panama Canal opening) in 1915
Lori Martin/Shutterstock.com
Figure 1-16. Queen Anne is a complex style that was made possible by the introduction of mass-produced
materials, such as the spindles and decorative fretwork on this house.
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18 Section 1 Architectural Drafting Fundamentals
stirred the Modern movement in America.
Modernism rejected the classical European
constraints of the orderly past and the industri-
alization of the nation. It strove to bring back
quality of life through craftsmanship.
Craftsman Period
The Craftsman period, inspired by the
English Arts and Crafts movement, lasted from
1860 to 1930. The Arts and Crafts movement
was social and cultural backlash against the
Industrial Revolution. The movement’s purpose
was to renew the human spirit by reuniting
art, labor, and the artist while promoting hand
workmanship.
Most people accredit the original Craftsman
style to Charles and Henry Greene in Pasadena,
California. By the early 1900s, Craftsman archi-
tecture had spread throughout the country by
the expansion of magazines, pattern books, and
mail-order houses. Mail-order houses were
affordable, mass-produced, unassembled houses
in a “do-it-yourself kit” that were available
through various catalogs. The popularity of
mail-order houses kept Craftsman-style homes in
demand until the 1930s. The two basic Craftsman
styles were the foursquare and the bungalow.
Tudor Revival
The Tudor Revival style imitated the English
Tudor architecture from the 15th to the 17th
centuries. The Tudor Revival house had one-
and-one-half or two-and-one-half stories. It
had steeply pitched roofs and prominent cross-
gables, often overlapping and having various
eave heights. The casement or double-hung
windows were tall and narrow with small
windowpanes. The wood-frame structure was
covered with stucco, brick, stone, or wood, often
with half-timbering (exposed, hand-hewn
wood framing with masonry-fi lled spaces).
Unlike the half-timbering in English Tudor
architecture, however, the half-timbering in the
Tudor Revival was false. The boards were used
only as decoration to resemble timber framing.
See Figure 1-19. Other distinguishing features
included a massive chimney made of brick or
stone, often with a decorative top. Many Tudor
Revivals also had towers.
Styles of the 20th Century
As the turn of the 20th century approached,
some people were inspired by the past, while
others looked toward the future. These differences
When you look for information about current
trends, be sure to evaluate the sources you
use. How reliable is the source? Is a source
reputable? How current is the information it
provides? Asking these questions can help you
stay current in the field without falling victim to
false or misleading information.
Activity
Find out more about architectural trends
in your area. Which architectural styles are
most popular? Which styles are increasing in
popularity? Which are decreasing in popularity?
Do most people live in a single family home or
in multifamily homes? Write a report on your
findings. At the end of your report, list all of the
sources you used, and indicate your level of
confidence in each source.
Employability
Keeping Up with
Architectural Trends
The field of architecture is constantly
changing. New materials become available,
and new processes are established to increase
quality or decrease costs. Employers look for
job candidates who know how to keep up with
current trends. You can keep your architectural
knowledge up-to-date using several different
types of sources. Examples include:
• Internet searches
• American Institute of Architects
• Local architects
• Trade journals and magazines such as
Architectural Digest
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Page 2Section 1 Architectural Drafting Fundamentals click to expand contents

Page 134Section 2 Architectural Planning click to expand contents

Page 326Section 3 Plan Development click to expand contents

Page 428Section 4 Construction Systems and Supplemental Drawings click to expand contents

Page 628Section 5 Presentation Methods click to expand contents

Page 698Section 6 Electrical, Plumbing, and Climate Control click to expand contents

Page 806Section 7 Specifications and Estimating Costs click to expand contents

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