18 Section 1 Architectural Drafting Fundamentals
stirred the Modern movement in America.
Modernism rejected the classical European
constraints of the orderly past and the industri-
alization of the nation. It strove to bring back
quality of life through craftsmanship.
Craftsman Period
The Craftsman period, inspired by the
English Arts and Crafts movement, lasted from
1860 to 1930. The Arts and Crafts movement
was social and cultural backlash against the
Industrial Revolution. The movement’s purpose
was to renew the human spirit by reuniting
art, labor, and the artist while promoting hand
workmanship.
Most people accredit the original Craftsman
style to Charles and Henry Greene in Pasadena,
California. By the early 1900s, Craftsman archi-
tecture had spread throughout the country by
the expansion of magazines, pattern books, and
mail-order houses. Mail-order houses were
affordable, mass-produced, unassembled houses
in a “do-it-yourself kit” that were available
through various catalogs. The popularity of
mail-order houses kept Craftsman-style homes in
demand until the 1930s. The two basic Craftsman
styles were the foursquare and the bungalow.
Tudor Revival
The Tudor Revival style imitated the English
Tudor architecture from the 15th to the 17th
centuries. The Tudor Revival house had one-
and-one-half or two-and-one-half stories. It
had steeply pitched roofs and prominent cross-
gables, often overlapping and having various
eave heights. The casement or double-hung
windows were tall and narrow with small
windowpanes. The wood-frame structure was
covered with stucco, brick, stone, or wood, often
with half-timbering (exposed, hand-hewn
wood framing with masonry-fi lled spaces).
Unlike the half-timbering in English Tudor
architecture, however, the half-timbering in the
Tudor Revival was false. The boards were used
only as decoration to resemble timber framing.
See Figure 1-19. Other distinguishing features
included a massive chimney made of brick or
stone, often with a decorative top. Many Tudor
Revivals also had towers.
Styles of the 20th Century
As the turn of the 20th century approached,
some people were inspired by the past, while
others looked toward the future. These differences
When you look for information about current
trends, be sure to evaluate the sources you
use. How reliable is the source? Is a source
reputable? How current is the information it
provides? Asking these questions can help you
stay current in the field without falling victim to
false or misleading information.
Activity
Find out more about architectural trends
in your area. Which architectural styles are
most popular? Which styles are increasing in
popularity? Which are decreasing in popularity?
Do most people live in a single family home or
in multifamily homes? Write a report on your
findings. At the end of your report, list all of the
sources you used, and indicate your level of
confidence in each source.
Employability
Keeping Up with
Architectural Trends
The field of architecture is constantly
changing. New materials become available,
and new processes are established to increase
quality or decrease costs. Employers look for
job candidates who know how to keep up with
current trends. You can keep your architectural
knowledge up-to-date using several different
types of sources. Examples include:
• Internet searches
• American Institute of Architects
• Local architects
• Trade journals and magazines such as
Architectural Digest
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