8 Auto Electricity and Electronics
Chapter 5
Electronic Components and Principles . . . . . 81
Types of Electronic Components 82
Semiconductors / Diodes / Transistors / Thyristors /
Piezoelectric Crystal / Photonic Devices / Integrated
Circuits
Electronic Output 95
Waves and Pulses / Frequency / Noise
Digital Electronics 98
Binary Numbering System / Gate Circuits / Truth Tables
Chapter 6
Tools and Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Tools 104
Soldering Tools / Pliers and Wire Stripping Tools /
Screwdrivers / Battery Service Tools / Other Tools
General-Purpose Test Equipment 108
Scan Tools / Engine Analyzers / Exhaust Gas Analyzers
Other Test Equipment 109
Test Lights / Multimeters / Inductive Wire Tracers /
Temperature Probes / Vacuum Gauges / Oscilloscopes /
Electronic Listening Devices / Test Equipment for
Charging and Starting Systems / Test Equipment for
Ignition Systems / System-Specifi c Test Equipment /
Diesel Service Equipment
Chapter 7
Wiring and Wiring Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Automotive Wiring 118
Types of Wire / Wire Size / Color Codes / Wire
Current-Carrying Rules / Wire Protection Devices /
Wiring Harnesses
Cutting and Stripping Wire 123
Soldering 125
Solder / Tinning / Soldering Components / Covering
Exposed Conductors
Connectors 128
Crimp Connectors / Self-Stripping Connectors /
Factory Connectors / Protection from Moisture
Wiring Repairs 133
Bypassing a Connector / Bypassing a Wire / Fuse
Link Service / Adding Electric Accessories / Twisted
Cable Service
Chapter 8
Manufacturer Service Information . . . . . . . 139
Using Service Information 140
Abbreviations / Illustrations / Diagnostic Charts /
References / Repair Procedures / Specifi cations /
Component Locations
Using Wiring Diagrams 147
Names of Wiring Harnesses / Wire Code
Identifi cation System / Wiring Splices / Grounds /
Alternate Circuits and Optional Wiring / Junction
Blocks / Connector Electrical Values / Steps for Using
Wiring Diagrams
Types of Wiring Diagrams 154
Harness Routing Diagram / Connector Diagram /
Power Distribution Diagram / Location Grid / Main
Wiring Diagram / System Wiring Diagram / Block
Diagram
Other Types of Information 161
Technical Service Bulletins / Computerized Service
Data / Online Services / Technical Assistance
Hotlines
Chapter 9
Basic Electrical Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Basic Circuit Problems 168
Electrical Diagnosis and Repair 168
Trial-and-Error Approach / Systematic Approach
Types of Circuit Problems 169
Open Circuit / High Circuit Resistance / Short Circuit /
Intermittent Problems
Using Testing Devices 172
Using Jumper Wires / Using a Test Light / Using an
Inductive Wire Tracer
Using a Multimeter 174
Meter Connections / Meter Controls / Voltage
Measurements / Voltage Drop Measurements /
Resistance Measurements / Amperage Measurements /
Rules for Using Multimeters
Basic Component Tests 182
Testing Connectors / Testing Resistors / Testing
Switches / Testing Fuses / Testing Variable Resistors /
Testing a Transducer Switch / Testing Capacitors /
Testing Diodes / Testing Transistors / Testing Other
Components / Electrical Service Chemicals