Chapter 1 Introduction to Automotive Heating, Air Conditioning, and Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Why Is It Called HVAC? Major Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning System Components . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Refrigeration System Parts and Operation | Heating System Parts and Operation | Air Delivery System Parts and Operation HVAC System Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Mechanical Devices HVAC System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Air Conditioning | Ventilating | Heating | Defrost HVAC System History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Heaters | Ventilation | Air Conditioning The Air Conditioner and the Ozone Layer . . . . . . . . . .23 Chapter 2 Shop Safety and Environmental Protection . . . . . 27 Causes of Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Personal Safety Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Proper Clothing and Protective Equipment | Eye Protection | Foot and Hand Protection Kinds of Accidents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Maintaining a Safe Workplace | Performing Work Procedures Properly Refrigerant Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Vapor and Liquid Refrigerants | Rules for Handling Refrigerants Contents First Aid for Refrigerant Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 First Aid for Skin Exposure | First Aid for Eye Exposure | First Aid for Breathing Diffi culty Preventing Environmental Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Prevent Solid Waste Contamination | Prevent Liquid Waste Contamination | Prevent Gaseous Waste Contamination | Th e Environmental Protection Agency Chapter 3 HVAC Tools, Equipment, and Service Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Diagnostic and Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 Gauge Manifolds | Temperature Gauges | Leak Detectors | Refrigerant Identifi ers | Electrical Test Equipment | Scan Tools | Belt Tension Gauges | Vacuum Pumps/Gauges HVAC System Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Compressor Service Tools | Compressor Clutch Service Tools | Hose Tools | Orifi ce Tube Tools | Oil Injectors Refrigerant Service Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Recovery/Recycling Equipment | Flushing Equipment | Evacuation Pumps | Recharging Equipment | Air Purging Equipment Engine Cooling System Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . .54 Pressure and Leak Testers | Antifreeze Testers | Combustion Leak Testers Vehicle Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Service Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Factory Service Information | General Service Information | Specialized Service Information | Technical Service Bulletins | Telephone Hotlines | Internet Resources 6