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18 Introduction to Microsoft Offi fice
Servers connected to the Internet have a WWW folder at the root of
the computer. Within this folder and its subfolders are all of the accessible
documents for the web for the server. Figure 1-14 illustrates how the web
works. These are the basic steps:
1. The user either enters a location in the navigation bar of a web
browser or clicks a link on a web page, which issues the URL for a
document to the browser.
2. The web browser transmits that to its WWW program on the host
server.
3. HTTP locates the document specifi by the URL and, if it does not fied
reside on the same server, requests its delivery to the host.
4. If necessary, the document is delivered via TCP/IP packets to the
host.
5. The host delivers the document to the requesting computer using
HTTP.
6. The web browser determines how the document should be
formatted and displays it.
Browsers
Browsers are the user’s interface to the World Wide Web. A browser
is a computer program that retrieves hypertext documents via HTTP
and displays them on the computer monitor. The name is derived from
the activity of browsing, or surfi the web to locate files. fing, While these fi
FYI
If you need help
learning the functions
of a new browser or
version, hover the
cursor over each icon to
view the tooltip. If more
information is required,
use the help feature to
search for the content of
the tooltip.
http://www.twitter.com
URL
Protocol Top-level domain
Second-level domain
Third-level domain
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Figure 1-13. A URL consists of several subparts. The second-level domain is
what most people think of when talking about a website.
World
Wide Web
1. User enters URL
6. Browser displays
content
5. Document is delivered
to computer via HTTP
4. Document is delivered
to host via TCP/IP
2. Browser transmits
to host server
3. HTTP locates
document
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher; Macrovector/Shutterstock.com
Figure 1-14. The operation of the web is really just a series of simple steps.