Chapter 13 Visual Communication: Drawings, Renderings, and Models 473 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. a client’s project into specialized software, the designer can accurately show changes to the space. As with manual rendering, the goal of digital rendering is to help the client understand the design proposal before approving the design solution. As you know, the most popular digital-editing software is Photoshop by Adobe. It offers the designer the use of layers, colors, brushes, and transparency adjustments when rendering images. Brushes can be set to any size or shape. The software can mimic different art media. With the software, the designer can manipulate colors, brightness, and contrast. Architects and interior designers use Photoshop for graphics editing when digitally rendering drawings. For example, they may import a manually-drawn perspec- tive into Photoshop with a scanner into the computer. Then the designer can manipulate the perspective with various tools to add shades and shadows that result in a more three-dimensional appearance. Photoshop is also a photograph enhancing tool. Design- ers can also take digital photographs of a client’s interior spaces and import them into Photoshop to manipulate and enhance. This is a powerful tool when selling the design to a client. For example, suppose a car dealer- ship decides to remodel. After taking a photograph of the interior, the designer imports the photo into Photo- shop and begins changing the space. The designer can crop out parts of the space, create additional walls, and add more windows. With little effort, the designer can display different color choices. Once the space revi- sions are complete, a fill layer creates a hand-painted look to the new rendering. Photoshop is a companion to Adobe Illustrator. Image files can be imported and exported between the two software products to create a professional rendering. For example, the designer can prepare a digital photograph in Photo- shop before importing it into Illustrator for hand tracing. Designers can also use Photoshop with digital modeling software such as SketchUp, and Autodesk products such as AutoCAD, Revit®, and Autodesk 3ds Max. Digital rendering is popular, quick, easy to revise, and professional in appearance. Once the rendering is complete, you can plot it (print it) to different papers. Similar to manual rendering, there are many tips for digital rendering. Here are a few. ■ Scale the materials to the correct proportion before inserting them into the drawing. ■ Plot (print) from Illustrator rather than Photoshop to enhance the image quality. ■ Mix photos and hand drawings for dramatic effects. Models A designer can use models for a simple study of form, such as a presentation model in scale, or to develop as a museum quality replica. Their main purpose is they allow designers and clients to study the volume of a certain space. Often the level of sophistication of the model reflects the state of the design process in which it is constructed. For example, a designer would use a rip and tear model in the Schematic design phase to explore concepts. Once the designer and client deter- mine the concept and many design details, he or she Architectural Workshop, Mark Bowers, AIA/R M Ruwart Design, Rosalie M. Ruwart, ASID Figure 13-44 With photorealism, designers can realistically show clients how materials and finishes will look in their spaces, enhancing client understanding of the design solution.