5
Contents
Chapter 1
Numerical Control and CNC .................................................................11
Numerical Control..............................................................................................................11
Computer Numerical Control.............................................................................................12
Numerical Control Programming .......................................................................................14
Decimal and Binary Systems.............................................................................................14
Using the Binary System ...................................................................................................18
Binary-coded Decimal System ..........................................................................................19
CNC Machine Construction...............................................................................................19
Summary ...........................................................................................................................28
Chapter 2
Axis and Coordinate System................................................................31
Cartesian Coordinate System............................................................................................31
Absolute and Incremental Systems ...................................................................................35
Summary ...........................................................................................................................47
Chapter 3
CNC Math ...............................................................................................53
Angles................................................................................................................................54
Polygons............................................................................................................................54
Propositions.......................................................................................................................58
Trigonometry......................................................................................................................61
Pythagorean Theorem.......................................................................................................69
Summary ...........................................................................................................................72
Chapter 4
Machining Centers ................................................................................77
Machining Centers.............................................................................................................77
Workholding Devices.........................................................................................................81
Special Functions ..............................................................................................................86
Auto Tool Changers...........................................................................................................87
Pallet Changers .................................................................................................................89
Rotating Devices................................................................................................................90