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blade stroke: The distance a saw blade
travels as it moves up and down. (5)
blind dado: A type of dado joint in which
the dado does not go completely across the
board. Also called a stop dado. (7)
block plane: A small plane used to surface
the end grain of wood. (4)
blushing: A white or cloudy appearance on
a surface caused by trapping small particles of
moisture beneath the fi nish. (9)
board foot: The basic unit of measure for
lumber. A board foot is equal to a piece of
lumber measuring 1″ or less in thickness, 12″
wide, and 12″ (1′) long. (3)
box joint: A joint in which a series of
rectangular projections and recesses along the
edge of one board fi ts into matching areas along
the edge of another board. (7)
box nail: A fl at-headed nail, similar to a
common nail but with a shank that is smaller in
diameter. (7)
brad: A fi nish nail smaller than 2d. (7)
burnisher: A tool consisting of a hard steel
rod set in a handle. Used to put a burr edge on
hand and cabinet scrapers. (8)
burr: A thin ridge or a roughened area on
metal created during grinding, sharpening, or
other machining operations. (8)
butt hinge: A common type of hinge,
usually recessed into the edge of a door and its
frame. (9)
butt joint: A type of joint in which the
end or edge of one piece is fastened to the fl at
surface or edge of a second piece. (5, 7)
C
cabinet scraper: Similar to a hand scraper,
but with a smaller blade that fi ts into a holding
device with handles. (8)
calipers: A tool used for measuring the
distance between opposite sides of an object,
such as the inside diameter of a bowl or the
outside diameter of a rod. (4)
cambium layer: Growth area near the bark
of a tree where new cells are formed. The inside
of this layer forms new wood cells, and the
outside forms new bark cells. (1)
casing nail: A nail with a small, tapered
head that is set below the surface of the stock. It
is heavier than a fi nish nail. (7)
catch: Hardware used to hold furniture and
cabinet doors closed. (9)
C-clamp: A clamp with an adjustable screw
that holds the stock fi rmly against the clamp’s
anvil. (7)
center line: On a drawing, a line that shows
the object’s center, dividing it into two equal
parts. Center lines are made of long and short
dashes. (3)
chamfer: An angle cut made part of the way
across the edge of a piece of stock. (4)
chamfer plane: A wooden plane with a
brass-angled sole and two fl at cutters set at
slightly different depths. Used for making fl at
cuts on wood. (4)
circle cutter: A drill press attachment for
cutting large holes in stock. It can be adjusted to
cut holes of various diameters. A center drill bit
anchors and guides the cutter as it moves in a
circle. (6)
circular saw: A power machine that can
be fi tted with a variety of disc-like blades for
crosscutting and ripping. There are handheld
portable models as well as table-mounted
models. (5)
claw hammer: A hammer with a two-sided
head. One side is used to drive nails. The other
side, which is split and curves down, is used for
pulling out nails. (7)
clearance hole: A hole drilled into wood
before driving a screw into it. The clearance hole
should be the same size as the shank of the screw
and should be drilled after the pilot hole. (7)
clear-cutting: The practice of harvesting all
the trees in a given area at the same time. (1)
closed-coat abrasive: A coated abrasive
in which the abrasive particles are so close
together that the entire backing surface is
covered. (8)
close-grained: Wood that has fi ne fi bers
that are held closely together. (1)
coarseness: The number of teeth per inch
on a fi le. (4)
combination blade: A circular saw blade
that can be used for ripping, crosscutting, and
miter cutting. (5)
combination square: A measuring and
layout tool with a ruled blade that slides
in a handle. Can be used to lay out 45° and
90° angles or as a marking gauge. Many
combination squares also include a small level
in the handle. (4)