62 Chapter 4 Hand Tools
combination squares have a small level
in the handle. This allows you to level
tabletops and other items that should be
parallel with the fl oor. In addition, some
combination squares have a scribe in the
end of the handle. If you do not have a
pencil handy for marking your wood, you
can use the scribe.
All squares must be treated as precision
tools and handled carefully. Placing boards,
tools, or other items on top of them will reduce
their accuracy. Dropping a square can knock it
out of adjustment. It may be able to be readjust-
ed, but sometimes it cannot.
Sliding T-Bevel
The sliding T-bevel, also called a bevel square,
is similar to a square in its use. However, the an-
gle may be adjusted as desired, Figure 4-10. This
tool is needed when laying out an angle other
than 45° or 90°. It is set either with a protractor or
by measuring an angle that has already been cut.
The handle must be held fi rmly against the stock
in order to get an accurate measurement.
Awls, Sloyd Knives, and
Pencils
An awl is used to lay out the center point
of a hole before drilling, Figure 4-11. The small
indentation made by the awl keeps the drill bit
from sliding across the surface of the wood.
Awls may also be used to align parts or tempo-
rarily hold parts together.
A Sloyd knife is used to accurately cut a
small mark or groove into the surface of a board,
Figure 4-12. Any sharp knife can be used for this
purpose. Knife marks tend to be more accurate
than pencil marks. However, the mark or groove
made by the knife cannot be erased; it must be
sanded or planed out.
The most common marking tool in the
woodshop is the pencil. A pencil can be used
to lay out straight lines with a straightedge, to
make curved lines with a compass, or to trace a
Scribe
90˚
45˚
Handle
Blade
Level
Figure 4-8. Laying out a hole center with a try
square and pencil. Note that the handle is held
fi rmly against the edge of the board.
Figure 4-10. The sliding T-bevel can be adjusted to
various angles.
Figure 4-9. A combination square, as the name
implies, is used for a combination of tasks.
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher