Glossary 697 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. stone veneer. A thin ornamental facing of stone. (11) stretcher. A horizontal brace extending between the legs of a table or chair to prevent furniture from collapsing under its own weight. (9) style. Designs refl ective of an individual, group, or philosophy of design within a certain time period. (9) subcontractor. The individuals or fi rms—often specifi c tradespeople—who contract to perform all or part of a project’s work. (3) subtractive color. Color that results from the use of the pigments red (magenta), yellow, and blue when all light rays are absorbed the viewer sees black. (8) surface modeling. A mathematical technique for representing solid-appearing objects that cannot be sliced open to examine volume and mass can be geometrically incorrect. A CAD technique. (13) sustainability. A way of using resources that does not deplete them involves a method or practice or way of using materials that has minimal long-term effect on the environment. (2) sustainable design. An environmental responsibility that considers the protection of the health and welfare of global ecosystems for current and future generations. (3) symbols. A type of pictorial shorthand. (13) symmetrical balance. The arrangement of objects on both sides of a center point or line (either vertical axis or horizontal axis) that results in a mirror image. (7) T tactile texture. Surface textures that can be felt through simple human touch. (7) tagline. A phrase that identifi es a business. (4) take-off. The process of estimating how much product to order by examining the set of construction drawings. (11) tambour shutter. Narrow strips of wood glued on canvas. (12) task lighting. A direct form of light that usually provides three times the level of light as ambient light. (8) tatami fl oor mat. Modular fl oor mats that served as interior fl ooring material that controlled the proportional planning of Japanese interiors. (9) telecommuter. A worker who conducts work from anyplace but his or her business offi ce also called nomad workers. (3) tenant improvement work (TI). A process that involves design and construction upgrades to the interior design of a leased space. The lessor often pays for a small part of the upgrades to attract tenants however, the tenant pays for the majority of changes to the interior space. (3) territoriality. The need to control a fi xed area by laying claim to it. (1) tertiary colors. Intermediary colors formed by mixing a primary with a secondary color yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, red-violet, red-orange, yellow-orange. (8) test fi t. The process of using the client’s square footage needs and testing it—or diagramming it— into different available building spaces the client may lease in the desired location. (14) tetrad color scheme. A color scheme consisting of four colors that are equally spaced along the color wheel. (8) thermal mass. The ability of a material to store heat and slowly release it. (11) third place. A setting—different from home, school, or work—that meets a person’s social needs and where he or she can develop a sense of community with others. (10) thumbnail sketch. Small sketches the designer uses to draw what a hypothetical space may look like prior to making recommendations to the client. (16) time management. The practice of organizing time and work assignments to increase personal effi ciency. (17) tint. Lighter values that result from adding white to a hue. (8) title act. Legislation that guarantees the right of an interior designer to use a certain title such as licensed interior designer, registered interior designer, or certifi ed interior designer. (4) title block. A rectangular box, typically in the lower- right corner of a page that includes key project information such as the design fi rm name, design fi rm contact information with logo, name of the client, professional seals, sheet title and number, and job number and completion date. (13) tone. Addition of gray to a hue to lower its chroma or intensity. (8) tongue-and-groove. A wood joint with a tongue on one edge that fi ts into the corresponding groove on another edge. (11) trademark. A documented mark that protects such specifi c intellectual property as words, phrases, designs, or symbols—brand, logo, and taglines are examples. (4) traffi c patterns. The patterns in which users move within a space. (15) transference. The application of an idea from one context to another. (6)