698 Interior Design Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. triadic color scheme. A color scheme consisting of three colors that are equally spaced along the color wheel. (8) trompe l’oeil. A French word roughly translated to mean “to fool the eye.” (9) tufting. The manufacture of carpet by inserting tufts of yarn through a carpet-backing fabric. (11) turnings. Decorations formed by using a lathe. (9) U unity. A set of conscious choices to tie the composition together, a sense of order, oneness, and uniformity. (7) universal design. Developed by Ron Mace, universal design is the “…design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without adaptation or specialized design.” (2) upholstered furniture. Furniture that uses a frame, cushioning material, and covering. (12) V value. Describes the lightness or darkness of a color. (8) vanishing point. The point at which all parallel lines merge on the horizon line. (13) variety. The absence of monotony or sameness. (7) vector-based. A drawing application that uses mathematical formulas to create lines the designer can combine into shapes to produce two- and three-dimensional documents. (13) veiling refl ection. Glare and shadows that make it diffi cult to see when performing a task. (8) veneers. Thin overlays of wood. (9) vernacular dwellings. Indigenous dwellings created using native materials without the infl uence of architects. (9) vinyl composition tile (VCT). A fl ooring material composed of 85 percent limestone fi ller, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins, stabilizers, and pigments thin sheets form under heat and pressure and are then cut into 12-inch squares. (11) visible spectrum. The portion of colored light within the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. (8) visioning session. A mental process in which you explore images of the desired future project also called an in-depth client interview. (16) visual literacy. The ability to interpret and derive meaning from the composition of images rather than words. (7) visual scale. A comparison of one object to another as perceived with the eyes. (7) visual texture. A perception or illusion of physical texture. (7) volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Chemical- emitting gases or solids from interior products and materials that can cause short-term or long-term adverse health effects. (10) W wainscoting. Paneling on the lower three or four feet of a wall. (9) walk-off mat. A portable mat at entrance points to remove and collect dirt from shoes before stepping onto soft- or hard-surface fl ooring. (11) warm colors. Those colors that perceptually appear to advance toward you in a space. (8) wayfi nding. The use of signs and graphics to help individuals easily fi nd their way when travelling through a building. (3) wireframe mesh model. A CAD technique for representing three-dimensional objects in which all surfaces are visibly outlined in lines, including the opposite sides and all internal components that are normally hidden from view. (13) work ethic. A set of values that promote hard work and diligence (for instance, team members work hard for the team). (3) work rectangle. The four major work areas: sink, cooktop/oven, refrigerator, and microwave oven. (15) work triangle. The historic three major work areas: sink, cooktop/oven, and refrigerator. (15) work zones. Highly functional areas where any type of work occurs. (15) working drawings. Construction documents, or drawings, that builders and tradespeople use to guide the building of a structure historically called blueprints. (6) woven. A type of carpet produced on a weaving loom by interlacing the warp (length) yarns and weft or fi lling (width) yarns. (11) Z zones. An organizational technique that groups together areas or spaces with similar activities or functions in a space. (6)