248 Interiors Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 5. How do organic shapes differ from geometric shapes? 6. Name an example showing how form is used in interior design. 7. What is the difference between positive and negative space? 8. Contrast tactile texture with visual texture. 9. What are two different ways to utilize pattern? 10. What are the three types of pattern motifs used in interior design? Give an example of each. 11. Name five proportioning systems used in design ranging from ancient times to modern day. 12. List three ways interior designers use proportion. 13. Contrast visual scale with human scale. 14. How does focal point impact a person who walks into a room? 15. What are the differences among symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial balance? 16. How does rhythm in design communicate with the brain? 17. What are the four concepts of unity in interior design that stem from the Gestalt theory? 18. List three factors that indicate a designer has achieved harmony. Critical Analysis 19. Compare and contrast. Some design disciplines, such as architecture and interior design, have the same elements and principles in common. The elements and principles, however, may have different definitions. Use the text and Internet or print resources to compare and contrast the elements and principles of interior design with the primary elements and ordering principles of architecture. How are these two similar and different? Discuss how such factors complicate communication between team members from different disciplines who may be working on the same design project. 20. Predict consequences. Select two or more elements of design (such as shape and texture). Use each one as a predominant design characteristic of a given space. Based on what you have learned from chapter content, predict how the space would look different depending on which element was used. For example, describe how the visual appeal of the space would differ if you use shape versus texture. 21. Identify textures. Divide into four teams—A, B, C, D. Cooperate, contribute, and collaborate as group members to locate five items of different textures, put them into a paper bag, close up the bag, and label the bag with the team letter. Pass the bags around to each team. Team members should take turns reaching into the bags without looking to identify the mystery textures, keeping a list per team bag. After everyone has had a chance to feel the textures, each team should reveal the contents of its bag. How many classmates correctly identified the textures? Discuss how ability to identify textures can enhance textures chosen for interior design. 22. Analyze evidence. As the author states, visual literacy is the ability to interpret and derive meaning from a composition. Use the Internet or design magazines to locate several examples of well-designed rooms. Analyze the images for the principle of harmony. What evidence of unity and variety can you identify that contribute to harmony in these spaces? Along with a school-approved web-based application, use your images to create a digital poster about your findings. Be sure to add a credit line to your images. Think like a Designer 23. Writing. Read the Design Insight quote at the beginning of the chapter. Use your written communication skills to clearly, concisely, and effectively write an essay explaining and justifying how you think that thoughtfully designed spaces help people learn, reflect, imagine, discover, and create. 24. Speaking. Use Internet or print resources to locate images of good and poor examples of each type of line discussed in the chapter: horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and curved. Share your images in an illustrated report to the class. Identify the type of line in each image and why it is used effectively or ineffectively.