Hermaphrodite Caliper The hermaphrodite caliper is a firm-joint tool that has one caliper-like leg and one needle-like point. The hermaphrodite caliper is used to: • Locate outside and inside centers by scribing three or four arcs, Figure 12-23A. • Mark a parallel line on flat or round stock, Figure 12-23B. • Copy a contour, which is often called coping, Figure 12-23C. The tools described thus far measure and mark distances, lines, and angles. You will also need to lay out circles, arcs, and curves. Tools used for these purposes include compasses, dividers, irregular curves, and profile gauges. 12.3.4 Compass and Divider Compasses and dividers are similar layout tools. Both have two legs. However, a compass has a pencil point on one leg instead of a steel point. See Figure 12-24. Use compasses and dividers to: • Step off distances. • Bisect lines, angles, and arcs. • Construct lines and arcs tangent to each other. • Scribe circles, ellipses, and arcs. • Lay out polygons. • Cope contours, such as for fitting moulding. Marking with a compass requires some hand coordination. Place one hand on or near the top (joint) of the compass or divider. See Figure 12-25A. The other hand sets the pivot location of the steel point. Use compasses and dividers as you would when drafting. Adjust the compass or divider to the proper measurement when transferring distances, Figure 12-25B. Then mark the material. You can also duplicate parts by setting the dividers to the size of the original part and use them to mark the new material. Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Figure 12-23. Locate centers and mark parallel lines with the hermaphrodite caliper. The L.S. Starrett Co. Figure 12-24. Compasses have a pencil and steel point. Dividers have two steel points. A B C 158 Section 2 Design and Layout Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.