xvi
Chapter 10
Floor Framing. ......................217
10.1 Types of Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
10.2 Girders and Beams. . . . . . . . . . . . 221
10.3 Sill Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
10.4 Joists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
10.5 Special Framing Problems. . . . . . . 236
10.6 Open-Web Floor Trusses. . . . . . . . 238
10.7 Subfloors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
10.8 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Chapter 11
Wall and Ceiling Framing. .............244
11.1 Parts of the Wall Frame. . . . . . . . . 244
11.2 Plate Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
11.3 Wall Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 251
11.4 Wall Sheathing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
11.5 Erecting Wall Sections. . . . . . . . . . 253
11.6 Partitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
11.7 Tri-Level and Split-Level Framing. . . 259
11.8 Special Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
11.9 Multistory Floor Framing. . . . . . . . . 260
11.10 Ceiling Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
11.11 Strongbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 263
11.12 Advanced Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
11.13 Structural Insulated Panels. . . . . . . 267
11.14 Housewrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
11.15 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Chapter 12
Roof Framing. ......................274
12.1 Roof Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
12.2 Roof Supports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
12.3 Parts of a Roof Frame . . . . . . . . . . 276
12.4 Layout Terms and Principles. . . . . . 276
12.5 Unit Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . 278
12.6 Framing Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
12.7 Rafter Sizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
12.8 Laying Out Common Rafters. . . . . . 281
12.9 Erecting a Gable Roof . . . . . . . . . . 284
12.10 Gable End Frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
12.11 Hip and Valley Rafters. . . . . . . . . . 288
12.12 Erecting Jack Rafters. . . . . . . . . . . 295
12.13 Special Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
12.14 Roof Openings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
12.15 Roof Anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.16 Collar Ties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.17 Dormers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
12.18 Framing Flat Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
12.19 Gambrel Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.20 Mansard Roof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.21 Special Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.22 Roof Truss Construction. . . . . . . . . 302
12.23 Bracing of Truss Rafters. . . . . . . . . 304
12.24 Roof Sheathing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
12.25 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 310
12.26 Model and Small-Scale
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 311
Chapter 13
Framing with Steel. ..................315
13.1 Steel Framing .................315
13.2 Framing Floors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
13.3 Framing Walls and Ceilings. . . . . . . 321
13.4 Framing Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Section 3
Closing In
Chapter 14
Roofing Materials and Methods. ........329
14.1 Types of Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
14.2 Roofing Terminology ............330
14.3 Preparing the Roof Deck . . . . . . . . 331
14.4 Asphalt Roofing Products. . . . . . . . 331
14.5 Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
14.6 Asphalt Shingles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
14.7 Hips and Ridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
14.8 Wind Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
14.9 Low-Slope Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
14.10 Roll Roofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
14.11 Reroofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
14.12 Built-Up Roofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
14.13 Rubber Roofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
14.14 Ridge Vents for Asphalt Roofing. . . 348
Chapter 10
Floor Framing. ......................217
10.1 Types of Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
10.2 Girders and Beams. . . . . . . . . . . . 221
10.3 Sill Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
10.4 Joists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
10.5 Special Framing Problems. . . . . . . 236
10.6 Open-Web Floor Trusses. . . . . . . . 238
10.7 Subfloors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
10.8 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Chapter 11
Wall and Ceiling Framing. .............244
11.1 Parts of the Wall Frame. . . . . . . . . 244
11.2 Plate Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
11.3 Wall Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 251
11.4 Wall Sheathing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
11.5 Erecting Wall Sections. . . . . . . . . . 253
11.6 Partitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
11.7 Tri-Level and Split-Level Framing. . . 259
11.8 Special Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
11.9 Multistory Floor Framing. . . . . . . . . 260
11.10 Ceiling Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
11.11 Strongbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 263
11.12 Advanced Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
11.13 Structural Insulated Panels. . . . . . . 267
11.14 Housewrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
11.15 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Chapter 12
Roof Framing. ......................274
12.1 Roof Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
12.2 Roof Supports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
12.3 Parts of a Roof Frame . . . . . . . . . . 276
12.4 Layout Terms and Principles. . . . . . 276
12.5 Unit Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . 278
12.6 Framing Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
12.7 Rafter Sizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
12.8 Laying Out Common Rafters. . . . . . 281
12.9 Erecting a Gable Roof . . . . . . . . . . 284
12.10 Gable End Frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
12.11 Hip and Valley Rafters. . . . . . . . . . 288
12.12 Erecting Jack Rafters. . . . . . . . . . . 295
12.13 Special Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
12.14 Roof Openings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
12.15 Roof Anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.16 Collar Ties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
12.17 Dormers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
12.18 Framing Flat Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
12.19 Gambrel Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.20 Mansard Roof. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.21 Special Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
12.22 Roof Truss Construction. . . . . . . . . 302
12.23 Bracing of Truss Rafters. . . . . . . . . 304
12.24 Roof Sheathing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
12.25 Estimating Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . 310
12.26 Model and Small-Scale
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⤀ 311
Chapter 13
Framing with Steel. ..................315
13.1 Steel Framing .................315
13.2 Framing Floors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
13.3 Framing Walls and Ceilings. . . . . . . 321
13.4 Framing Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Section 3
Closing In
Chapter 14
Roofing Materials and Methods. ........329
14.1 Types of Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
14.2 Roofing Terminology ............330
14.3 Preparing the Roof Deck . . . . . . . . 331
14.4 Asphalt Roofing Products. . . . . . . . 331
14.5 Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
14.6 Asphalt Shingles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
14.7 Hips and Ridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
14.8 Wind Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
14.9 Low-Slope Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
14.10 Roll Roofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
14.11 Reroofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
14.12 Built-Up Roofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
14.13 Rubber Roofing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
14.14 Ridge Vents for Asphalt Roofing. . . 348