Chapter  10  Raceway  Systems  149  Copyright  Goodheart-Willcox  Co.,  Inc.  PROCEDURE  Offset  Bend  after  an  Obstruction  1.  Measure  the  height  of  the  off  set.  Measure  the  distance  between  the  connection  point  and  the  edge  of  the  obstruction,  and  mark  the  conduit  at  this  distance.  2.  Consult  an  off  set  bend  chart  or  calculator  to  determine  the  angle  you  would  like  to  use  for  the  off  set  bends.  Note  the  shrink  amount  and  the  distance  between  the  bends  at  your  chosen  angle.  Note:  If  the  conduit  will  be  installed  on  a  continuous  surface  (no  change  in  level  after  the  ob-  struction),  the  angle  of  the  bends  after  the  obstruction  most  likely  will  be  the  same  as  the  angle  used  before  the  obstruction.  3.  Using  the  distance  between  the  bends  (from  step  2),  mark  the  conduit  forward  from  the  fi  rst  mark.  4.  Place  the  conduit  bender  handle  on  the  fl  oor  and  secure  it  in  place  with  your  foot.  5.  Position  the  conduit  in  the  bender  so  that  the  fi  rst  mark  is  aligned  with  the  arrow.  6.  Bend  the  conduit  to  the  angle  determined  in  step  2,  being  careful  not  to  kink  it.  7.  Without  removing  the  conduit  from  the  bender,  rotate  the  conduit  180°  and  slide  it  until  the  second  mark  is  aligned  with  the  arrow.  8.  Bend  the  conduit  to  the  angle  determined  in  step  2,  being  careful  not  to  kink  it.  PROCEDURE  Box  Offset  A  box  offset  is  made  with  two  shallow  bends  of  about  5°,  bringing  the  conduit  off  the  mounting  surface  so  that  it  can  fit  into  a  knockout  hole  of  an  electrical  box.  It  is  the  most  common  type  of  offset,  since  it  is  used  at  most  electrical  boxes.  See  Figure  10-11.  1.  Make  one  mark  2″  from  the  end  of  the  conduit  that  will  connect  to  the  box.  2.  Make  a  second  mark  8″  from  the  same  end  of  the  conduit.  3.  Place  the  conduit  bender  handle  on  the  fl  oor  and  secure  it  with  your  foot.  Position  the  conduit  in  the  bender  so  that  the  2″  mark  is  aligned  with  the  arrow.  Bend  the  conduit  to  a  5°  angle.  4.  Without  removing  the  conduit  from  the  bender,  rotate  the  conduit  180°  and  slide  it  forward  (away  from  you)  until  the  second  mark  is  aligned  with  the  arrow.  Bend  the  conduit  (now  in  the  opposite  direction)  to  a  5°  angle.  5.  Test-fi  t  (or  install)  the  conduit  with  the  box.  The  end  should  be  aligned  with  the  knock-  out  while  the  remainder  of  the  conduit  is  fl  ush  against  the  wall.  PRO  TIP  Keeping  Bends  Aligned  When  putting  two  bends  in  a  piece  of  conduit,  they  must  be  in  perfect  alignment  so  the  con-  duit  will  lie  flat  against  the  wall.  If  one  bend  veers  to  the  left  and  the  other  veers  to  the  right,  the  conduit  will  not  lie  flat.  To  maintain  align-  ment,  find  a  seam  in  a  concrete  or  tile  floor,  if  available.  Line  up  the  first  bend  and  the  bender  with  the  seam  to  keep  the  second  bend  prop-  erly  aligned.  PROCEDURE  Saddle  Bend  The  saddle  bend  goes  around  an  obstruction  and,  unlike  the  offset  bend,  returns  to  the  same  level  after  passing  the  obstruction.  The  most  common  saddle  consists  of  one  45°  center  bend  and  two  22  1/2°  lateral  bends.  See  Figure  10-12.  1.  Measure  the  height  of  the  obstruction  (for  example,  4″  high).  2.  Measure  the  distance  between  the  con-  nection  point  and  the  center  of  the  ob-  struction  (20″  in  this  example).  3.  For  every  1″  of  obstruction  height,  move  the  center  mark  forward  3/16″  (assuming  1/2″  conduit  is  being  used).  (In  this  exam-  ple,  4  ×  3/16″  =  3/4″.  Mark  the  conduit  with  this  new  center  mark,  at  20  3/4″.)  (Continued)