Chapter 3 Welding Joints, Positions, and Symbols 55 ● The weld face is between 0°–80° or 280°–360°. ● The weld is made from the lower side of the joint. See Figure 3-20. 3.5 The Welding Symbol The welding symbol described on the following pages was developed by the American National Stan- dards Institute (ANSI) and the American Welding Society (AWS). It is described in detail in the publi- cation ANSI/AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination. The entire symbol, as shown in Figure 3-21 with all of its numbers and other symbols, is called the welding symbol. Welding symbols are used on draw- ings of parts and assemblies which are joined together by welding. A welding symbol may appear in any view on the drawing. Whenever two or more pieces are joined by welding, the assembled item is called a weldment. When the pieces of a weldment are assem- bled, the lines along which their edges and surfaces come in contact are called joints. Figure 3-18. These are the specifi cations for the AWS 2G or horizontal groove welding position. A—The weld axis must be within 15° of horizontal. B—An end view (View B) with the weld shown in blue. The weld face must be within 80°–150° or 210°–280°. All angles are measured clockwise with 0° at the bottom. 80° 80°-150° 210°-280° 150° 280° 210° 0° View B-B B A View B-B 15° down 15° up Horizontal Weld face Weld face Weld axis 0° Figure 3-19. These are the specifi cations for the AWS 3G or vertical groove welding position. A vertical weld must meet either of the following sets of conditions. A—The weld axis must be between 80° and 90° from horizontal. Look at View A. The weld face may be rotated from 0°–360°. B—The weld axis is 15°–80° from horizontal. Look at View B. The weld face must be within 80°–280°. A View A-A 0°-360° View A-A Vertical Weld face Weld axis Weld axis 80°-90° Weld axis Weld face View B-B Horizontal Weld axis Weld face 80° 280° 0° 80°–280° B 15°–80° View B-B