Expanded Table of Contents Chapter 4 Welding and Cutting Processes 73 4.1 Arc Welding Processes 75 4.2 Oxyfuel Joining Processes 79 4.3 Oxygen Cutting Processes 84 4.4 Resistance Welding Processes 93 4.5 Arc Cutting Processes 96 4.6 Specialized Arc Welding Processes 100 4.7 Solid-State Welding Processes 102 4.8 Other Welding Processes 109 4.9 Steel Temperature and Color Relationships 111 Part 2 Shielded Metal Arc Welding Chapter 5 Shielded Metal Arc Welding Equipment and Supplies 117 5.1 Arc Welding Power Source Classifi cations 117 5.2 Constant Current Power Sources 118 5.3 NEMA Arc Welding Power Source Classifi cations 133 5.4 Welding Leads 134 5.5 SMAW Electrodes 138 5.6 Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Covered Electrode Classifi cation 141 5.7 Nonferrous Electrode Classifi cations 145 5.8 Electrode Care 146 5.9 Power Source Remote Controls 146 5.10 Weld-Cleaning Equipment 147 5.11 Shields and Helmets 147 5.12 Special Arc Welder Clothing 150 Part 1 Welding Fundamentals Chapter 1 Safety in the Welding Shop 13 1.1 Accidents 13 1.2 General Shop Safety 14 1.3 Safety in the Welding Environment 19 1.4 Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting Safety 25 1.5 Arc Welding and Cutting Safety 27 1.6 Resistance Welding Safety 30 1.7 Safety around Welding Robots 30 1.8 Special Welding Process Safety 30 Chapter 2 Print Reading 35 2.1 Types of Drawings 35 2.2 Orthographic Projection 36 2.3 Using a Working Drawing 38 2.4 Types of Lines Used on a Drawing 40 2.5 Drawings Made to a Scale 41 2.6 The Title Block 42 Chapter 3 Welding Joints, Positions, and Symbols 45 3.1 Basic Weld Joints 45 3.2 Types of Welds 49 3.3 Joint Geometry 51 3.4 Welding Positions 53 3.5 The Welding Symbol 55 3.6 Review of Welding Symbols 67 3.7 Electrode Angles 68 6