ix Chapter 18 Creating a Restful Environment . . . . . . . 396 Section 18.1 The Resident’s Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Answering Call Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 Personal Space and Possessions . . . . 401 Procedure Making an Occupied Bed. . . . . . . . . . . 403 Procedure Making an Unoccupied Bed . . . . . . . . . 405 Procedure Making a Surgical Bed . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 Facility Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Section 18.2 Promoting Comfort, Relaxation, Rest, and Sleep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Procedure Giving a Back Rub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 Chapter 19 Assisting with Personal Hygiene . . . . . . 418 Section 19.1 Bathing, Grooming, and Dressing . . . . . 419 The Personal Experience of Hygiene Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 Procedure Giving a Total or Partial Bed Bath. . . . . 421 Bathing Traditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Procedure Providing Assistance with Hair Care . . . 425 Procedure Providing Oral Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Procedure Cleaning and Storing Dentures. . . . . . . 431 Procedure Providing Foot Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 Procedure Providing Female and Male Perineal Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 Procedure Dressing and Undressing. . . . . . . . . . . 439 Procedure Changing a Gown or Clothing with an IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442 Section 19.2 Caring for the Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 Procedure Using Warm, Moist Compresses . . . . . . 447 Procedure Using Warm Soaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 Warm Soak Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 Procedure Using Cold Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . 451 Chapter 20 Healthy Eating and Nutritional Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 Section 20.1 Food Preferences, Nutrition, and Eating Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . 457 Food Traditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458 Obesity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 Section 20.2 Therapeutic Diets and Nutritional Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 Mindful Eating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466 Procedure Assisting with Meals in the Room . . . . 474 Chapter 16 Vital Signs, Height, and Weight . . . . . . . 347 Section 16.1 Measuring and Recording Vital Signs . . 348 Anxiety About Vital Signs . . . . . . . . . 349 Procedure Using an Oral Thermometer—Digital . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Procedure Using a Rectal Thermometer—Digital . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Procedure Using an Axillary Thermometer—Digital . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 Procedure Using a Tympanic Thermometer—Digital . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Procedure Using a Temporal Artery Thermometer—Digital. . . . . . . . 356 Procedure Measuring a Radial Pulse . . . . . . . . . . 358 Procedure Measuring an Apical Pulse . . . . . . . . . 360 Procedure Counting Respirations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Taking Vital Signs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Procedure Taking a Blood Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 365 Section 16.2 Measuring and Recording Height and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 Procedure Measuring the Height and Weight of Ambulatory Residents. . . . . . . . . . . 370 Procedure Measuring the Height of Bedridden Residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 Procedure Weighing Bedridden Residents Using a Hydraulic Digital Lift or Sling Bed Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 Bed Scales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 Chapter 17 Physical Examination and Specimen Collection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 Section 17.1 Physical Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Reasons People Avoid Physical Examinations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 The Physical Examination . . . . . . . . . 381 Section 17.2 Specimen Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Procedure Collecting a Sputum Specimen . . . . . . 384 Procedure Collecting Urine Specimens . . . . . . . . . 387 Procedure Collecting a Stool Specimen . . . . . . . . 390 Colorectal Screening. . . . . . . . . . . . . 392