ix End-of-Chapter Content End-of-chapter material provides an opportunity for review and application of concepts. ■ ■ A concise Summary reiterates the Learning Out- comes and provides a brief review of the content for reference. The summary helps students review important concepts presented in the text. ■ ■ Review Questions highlight basic concepts pre- sented in the chapter to evaluate understanding of the material. ■ ■ Sample Security+ Exam Questions provide an opportunity to answer questions similar to those on the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam, provid- ing a sample of what to expect on the exam. ■ ■ Lab Exercises offer hands-on opportunities to apply the concepts presented in the chapter in real, meaningful ways. These labs can be utilized as formative assessment after the chapter has been completed or at point of presentation as topics are encountered during study. ■ ■ A Case Study provides a real-world scenario of a security concept related to the chapter content. Us- ers can read the example and answer questions to reflect on the content. Appendices Appendices containing valuable material that comple- ments the chapter content are included at the end of the text. These appendices contain the following information:■ ■ Correlation chart that identifies where each Secu- rity+ objective is fulfilled within the textbook ■ ■■ Table of commonly used ASCII characters ■ List of acronyms encountered on the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam ■ ■ Conversion table for decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers