Glossary 659
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
muffi n method. A mixing technique used in
food preparation in which dry ingredients
and liquid ingredients are mixed together in
separate bowls, and then the liquid ingredients
are poured into a well made in the center of
the dry ingredients. (16-1)
multicultural society. People from many different
cultures living in the same communities. (8-2)
multifamily dwelling. A building designed to
house more than one family. (22-1)
multiple roles. Two or more roles, such as work
and family roles, being fi lled by one person. (7-2)
multisize pattern. A garment pattern designed with
three or more sizes on one pattern tissue. (21-1)
multitasking. Combining tasks or working on
more than one task at a time. (4-3)
mutual fund. A group of many investments
purchased by a company representing many
investors. (17-2)
mutual respect. Regard held by two people who
each view the other with honor and esteem. (8-1)
MyPlate. The USDA’s food guidance system,
which features a personalized approach to
healthful eating and physical activity. (13-2)
N
nanny. A trained individual who provides quality
child care in a parent’s home. (9-2)
natural cheese. Cheese made from milk, whey, or
cream. (14-3)
natural fi bers. Fibers that exist in nature. (20-1)
natural resources. Resources taken from the land,
such as agricultural products, forest products,
and fossil fuels. (4-1)
needs. Basic items, such as food, clothing, or
shelter, that all people require for living. (1-1)
negotiation. Communicating with others in order
to reach a mutually satisfying agreement,
usually through compromise. (2-4)
net income. The amount of money left after all
deductions have been taken from an employee’s
gross pay. (4-4)
networking. Developing contacts with people
who may be able to fi nd you a job. (1-3)
neutrals. Black, white, and gray, which are not true
colors but are used as colors in design. (19-2)
newborn. A baby in the fi rst month of life. (10-2)
nonverbal communication. A process of
communication that involves sending messages
without words. (2-2)
nonwoven fabrics. Fabrics made by bonding or
interlocking fi bers together directly without
using yarns. (20-1)
notch. A diamond-shaped pattern symbol located
on the cutting line and used to match garment
pieces before sewing them together. (21-1)
notching. Cutting small wedges out of the seam
allowance to remove excess fabric. (21-3)
notions. Small items needed to construct a garment,
including thread, buttons, trims, fasteners, seam
binding, and bias tape. (20-1)
nuclear family. A family group that consists of a
man, woman, and their children. (6-2)
nutrient. A chemical substance provided by food
and used by the body to function properly. (13-1)
nutrient dense. A term describing a food or
beverage that supplies substances providing
health effects, such as vitamins and minerals,
with relatively few calories. (13-2)
nutrition. The science of how nutrients support
the body. (13-1)
O
obese. A term used to describe an adult who has
a body mass index over 30. (13-4)
object permanence. The concept that objects and
people exist even when they cannot be seen.
(10-2)
obsolescence. The state of uselessness. (18-2)
occupation. Paid employment involving a job. (1-2)
open communication. A free fl ow of ideas, opinions,
and facts among the people communicating. (2-3)
open dating. A dating process that gives information
about the freshness of foods. (14-2)
operant conditioning. A theory that people repeat
behaviors that are positively reinforced and
discontinue behaviors that are negatively
reinforced. (10-1)