8 Contents
The American Early National Period
(1776-1840) 133
Benjamin Franklin 134
Thomas Jefferson 134
The Role of Teachers 135
School Curriculum 135
The American Common School Period
(1840-1880) 136
Horace Mann 136
African American Education 137
The Role of Teachers 138
School Curriculum 138
The American Progressive Period
(1880-1921) 139
Segregated Education 141
The Role of Teachers 141
School Curriculum 141
John Dewey 142
Maria Montessori 142
Career and Technical
Education 143
The 1920s and the Great Depression Era
(1921–1940) 143
Impact of Economy on
Schools 143
“Dick and Jane” Readers 144
Chapter 7
The Modern History of
Education in America
148
American Education During the 1940s
and 1950s 150
Keeping America
Competitive 151
Brown v. the Board of
Education 152
Behaviorism 152
American Education During the
1960s 152
The Civil Rights Act 154
The Elementary and Secondary
Education Act 154
Project Head Start 154
American Education During the
1970s 155
Desegregation and Busing 155
Bilingual Education 156
Gender Equity 156
Children with Disabilities 157
American Education During the
1980s 158
The Back-to-Basics Movement 158
American Education During the 1990s
and Beyond 158
The Computer Revolution 159
Educational Standards and
Accountability 159
Goals 2000 160
No Child Left Behind Act 161
Competing in the Global
Economy 162
Career Clusters 163
Chapter 8
Schools and Society
168
Who Is Responsible for Schools? 171
State Governments’ Role 171
Local School Districts’ Role 172
The Federal Government’s
Role 173
Funding for Education 174
State Funding 175
Local Funding 175
Federal Funding 175