Teaching, 3rd Edition Page 15 (33 of 480)

Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chapter 1 The Teaching Profession 15 options for teachers to offer online tutoring or academic skill building. Teach- ers commonly serve as tutors in math, science, and English/reading. They may provide online homework assistance. In addition, outside companies may hire teachers to develop curriculum, create learning assignments, or write and evaluate exams. Other online opportunities for teachers include teaching or tutoring students in other countries. Postsecondary Education Programs There are many opportunities for teachers in postsecondary education, which takes place after high school. Technical schools, community colleges, and four-year colleges and universities are the most common options. Some postsecondary teaching opportunities, however, also exist online. These options continue to grow since technology is available worldwide. Technical Schools Technical schools offer programs that teach the specific skill require- ments to begin working in a trade. Most courses directly relate to those skills. You may recognize technical schools by other names, such as trade schools, vocational colleges, business schools, technical institutes, or fash- ion institutes. There are technical colleges for a wide range of occupa- tions, including culinary arts, web design, nursing, graphic design, fashion design, mechanical, and medical skills. Programs of study are focused and generally shorter than college or university programs. Although a college degree is often preferable, having relevant skills and experience is most important for teachers employed at technical schools. For example, to teach culinary arts, a teacher must have extensive knowl- edge and experience in the culinary field, often as a head chef. Community Colleges The purpose of community colleges is to focus on meeting the educa- tion and training needs of the communities they serve. Most offer two-year associate’s degrees. Many also offer programs that lead to certification in such areas as respiratory therapy or welding. Some students attend a com- munity college for their first two years of a four-year degree program, and then transfer to a four-year school. This requires close coordination between community colleges and the colleges and universities in their states to make sure courses will transfer. Students usually save considerably on educational costs under this plan. Entrance to a community college is gener- ally open to anyone with a high school diploma although requirements may vary. The student population tends to be quite diverse, with full- time and part-time students, recent high school graduates, adults, and even high school students taking classes for college credit (Figure 1.8). Adults may be going back for an education they never completed, improving skills for their present job, or studying for a new occupation. Currently, there are about 1,500 community colleges in the United States. They serve almost half of the high school graduates each year. Because of the breadth of programs offered, many teaching positions exist. Most community colleges require Steve Debenport/E+/Getty Images Figure 1.8 Community college instructors work with a diverse population of students.

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Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chapter 1 The Teaching Profession 15 options for teachers to offer online tutoring or academic skill building. Teach- ers commonly serve as tutors in math, science, and English/reading. They may provide online homework assistance. In addition, outside companies may hire teachers to develop curriculum, create learning assignments, or write and evaluate exams. Other online opportunities for teachers include teaching or tutoring students in other countries. Postsecondary Education Programs There are many opportunities for teachers in postsecondary education, which takes place after high school. Technical schools, community colleges, and four-year colleges and universities are the most common options. Some postsecondary teaching opportunities, however, also exist online. These options continue to grow since technology is available worldwide. Technical Schools Technical schools offer programs that teach the specific skill require- ments to begin working in a trade. Most courses directly relate to those skills. You may recognize technical schools by other names, such as trade schools, vocational colleges, business schools, technical institutes, or fash- ion institutes. There are technical colleges for a wide range of occupa- tions, including culinary arts, web design, nursing, graphic design, fashion design, mechanical, and medical skills. Programs of study are focused and generally shorter than college or university programs. Although a college degree is often preferable, having relevant skills and experience is most important for teachers employed at technical schools. For example, to teach culinary arts, a teacher must have extensive knowl- edge and experience in the culinary field, often as a head chef. Community Colleges The purpose of community colleges is to focus on meeting the educa- tion and training needs of the communities they serve. Most offer two-year associate’s degrees. Many also offer programs that lead to certification in such areas as respiratory therapy or welding. Some students attend a com- munity college for their first two years of a four-year degree program, and then transfer to a four-year school. This requires close coordination between community colleges and the colleges and universities in their states to make sure courses will transfer. Students usually save considerably on educational costs under this plan. Entrance to a community college is gener- ally open to anyone with a high school diploma although requirements may vary. The student population tends to be quite diverse, with full- time and part-time students, recent high school graduates, adults, and even high school students taking classes for college credit (Figure 1.8). Adults may be going back for an education they never completed, improving skills for their present job, or studying for a new occupation. Currently, there are about 1,500 community colleges in the United States. They serve almost half of the high school graduates each year. Because of the breadth of programs offered, many teaching positions exist. Most community colleges require Steve Debenport/E+/Getty Images Figure 1.8 Community college instructors work with a diverse population of students.

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Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 16 Unit 1 You—The Teacher of Tomorrow a teacher to hold at least a master’s degree (a two-year degree beyond the traditional four-year college degree). Because the student population varies greatly, teachers must prepare for working with students at various skill levels. Four-Year Colleges and Universities Colleges and universities are the traditional places for higher education. Although the terms are often used interchangeably (as in a “college educa- tion”), universities offer graduate degree programs. Colleges generally offer degrees in one area. A university offers degrees in a variety of areas because it is actually comprised of a collection of colleges. Students in colleges and universities complete general education courses plus classes specific to their area of specialization. General education require- ments (or core courses) provide a broad background of knowledge. If you plan to become a high school social studies teacher, you would complete a variety of general education courses, social studies courses (such as American and world history, geography, political science, and government), courses in education, and a student teaching experience. This would lead to a bachelor’s degree. College or university teachers specialize in one particular area and teach a limited number of different courses. A doctoral degree (usually called a PhD or EdD) is a requirement for most professors, although many schools also have teachers with master’s degrees. At this level, teachers must conduct research in their fields and do scholarly writing in addition to their teaching duties. Other Opportunities in Education Trained and skilled teachers do not always teach in the school system. Because education is vital to so many aspects of society, teachers find their skills in demand in other places as well. Opportunities are quite varied. Here are a few examples. Business and Industry Many businesses and industries provide edu- cation to their employees. Corporate trainer is another name for the teachers who provide this education. The types of education they offer depend on company needs (Figure 1.9). Some programs focus on technical work skills, but most seek to improve key personal skills such as moti- vation, effective communication, leadership, or team building. International companies may hire people to teach employees moving to other coun- tries the languages they will need to know. Large companies often employ corporate train- ers as full-time employees. Others are self-employed or work for a company that specializes in providing corporate trainers on an as-needed basis. Businesses may employ teachers for many other purposes. For example, a cruise line may hire a teacher to teach passengers on a cruise about the history of their destinations. Teachers provide classes or one- on-one instruction to children undergoing long-term treatment in hospitals. Whatever the challenge, basic teaching skills are simply adapted to fit the situation. PORTRAIT IMAGES ASIA BY NONWARIT/Shutterstock.com Figure 1.9 A corporate trainer may be hired by a company to introduce a new computer program to its employees.

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Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 14 Unit 1 You—The Teacher of Tomorrow In high school, students take primary responsibility for their learning. It is not unusual to have homework in every subject every night, as well as long-term projects. If they do not understand concepts, teachers expect students to ask for help. More assignments require complex thinking skills, and students routinely practice solving problems by gathering and evaluat- ing information. High school teachers typically specialize in one subject or a group of related subjects. In small communities, however, teachers may have a more diverse teaching schedule. Teaching high school courses requires more content depth than teaching in earlier grades. Teachers must have at least a bachelor’s degree from a four-year college or university and be certified to teach in their state. Training for high school teachers focuses more on their subject areas of choice. Although they have curriculum guidelines, teachers usually have some flexibility in what and how they teach. Teachers determine how much to emphasize various topics and how to best present them. Which topics will they assign for papers? Is the most effective way for students to learn a concept through a teacher presentation, group discussion, lab experience, or combination of these and other techniques? These are among the many aspects managed by individual teachers (Figure 1.7). High school teachers usually have other responsibilities in addition to teaching. They may monitor study halls, serve as advisors for school orga- nizations, tutor, coach sports, and chaperone events. (Some responsibilities are part of their regular teaching duties, but they may receive extra pay for others.) Many teachers willingly help students outside class with such issues as choosing colleges or careers or dealing with personal concerns. Online Opportunities for Teachers Teachers at elementary, middle, and high school levels can find online job opportunities to use their skills and talents. Some states offer public education through online sources, which require teachers with experience to facilitate these remote or distance student-learning alternatives. Services may include monkeybusinessimages/iStock/Thinkstock Figure 1.7 This high school anatomy teacher guides students working on a class project.

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