vii Full Section 60 Half Section 61 Revolved Section 61 Removed Section 61 Offset Section 61 Broken-Out Section 62 Conventional Break 62 Sections through Webs and Ribs 63 Rules on Reading Prints 63 Unit 6 | Types of Prints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Welders Who Read Prints 75 Working Drawings 75 Detail Drawing 76 Assembly Drawing 76 Specialized Drawings 78 Erection Drawing 78 Process Drawing 78 Parts List 78 Unit 7 | Print Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Shape Description 92 Size Description 92 Print Title Block 95 Material Specification 95 Tolerances 95 Quantity of Units 96 Scale of Drawing 96 Finish 96 Revisions 98 Next Assembly 98 Drawing Title 98 Print Number 98 Heat Treatment 98 Notes 98 Print Sheet Size 99 Zoning 99 Security Classification 100 Dimensioning Symbols 100 Unit 8 | Basic Plane Geometry . . . . . . . . . . 105 Plane Figures 105 Circles 106 Angular Measurement 108 Triangles 110 Parallel Lines and Interior Angles 112 Unit 9 | Dimensioning Welding Prints. . . . 115 Extension and Dimension Lines 116 Datum Dimensions 117 Zero Plane Dimensions 118 Direct and Calculated Dimensions 118 Linear and Angular Tolerance 118 Reference Dimensions 120 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing 120 Definitions and Symbols 121 Application of GD&T 122 Orientation Geometric Tolerances 122 Form Geometric Tolerances 123 Other Geometric Tolerances 123 Welding Fundamentals Unit 10 | Welding Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Soldering (S) 129 Brazing (B) 130 Welding 130 Modern Welding Processes 130 Oxyfuel Gas Welding (OFW) 131 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) 131 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) 132 Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) 132 Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) 132 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 133 Arc Stud Welding (SW) 134 Resistance Welding (RW) 134 Additional Welding Processes 136 Electron Beam Welding (EBW) 136 Friction Welding (FRW) 136 Friction Stir Welding (FSW) 136 Electroslag Welding (ESW) 138 Laser Beam Welding (LBW) 138 Ultrasonic Welding (USW) 138 Cold Welding (CW) 138 Microwelding 139 Flame Spraying (FLSP) 140 Automatic (Robotic) and Mechanized Welding Systems 142 Standard Welding, Joining, and Allied Processes 144 Unit 11 | Threaded Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Thread Forms 148 Thread Series 148 Thread Fit Classes 148 Thread Notes 149 Standard Thread Representations 150 Detailed Representations 150 Schematic Representation 150 Simplified Representation 150 Metric Threads 151 Types of Fasteners 151