Chapter 11 The Blood 347 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 4. Blood makes up approximately _____ of total body weight. A. 3% B. 8% C. 12% D. 15% 5. Which of the following is not a protein found in blood plasma? A. fi brinogen B. globulin C. albumin D. casein 6. True or False? Red blood cells have an unlimited life span. 7. Only _____ bone marrow is capable of producing blood cells and new stem cells. 8. The kidneys regulate red blood cell production through a process called _____. 9. _____ are the most abundant type of white blood cells in the body. 10. Basophils are white blood cells that _____. A. att ack invading microorganisms B. produce histamine C. give red blood cells their disk shape D. give blood its color 11. True or False? In the ABO blood grouping system, there are three major blood types. 12. _____ are molecules on the surface of cells that help the body distinguish between “self” and “nonself” cells. 13. A person who has _____ blood is considered to be a universal donor. A. type A B. type B C. type AB D. type O 14. True or False? The term Rh factor was inspired by the rhesus monkey. 15. The potentially fatal process that causes blood to clump and create blockages is called _____. A. coagulation B. agglutination C. erythroblastosis fetalis D. hemolysis Chapter 11 Summary • Th e blood is a liquid connective tissue that provides transportation, regulation, and protection throughout the body. • Blood has two types of components: liquid (plasma) and solid (formed elements). • Th e formed elements include erythrocytes (RBCs), fi ve types of leukocytes (WBCs), and thrombocytes (platelets). • Blood cells are manufactured by stem cells in the red bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. • Th e ABO blood grouping system includes four blood types: A, B, AB, and O a person’s blood type depends on the antigens and antibodies his or her blood contains. • Th e Rh factor is an antigen on the surface of red blood cells. People with the Rh antigen are Rh-positive (Rh+), and people without it are Rh-negative (Rh–). • A complete blood count is a test that measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, as well as hemoglobin, hematocrit, and other RBC characteristics. • Anemia is characterized by a decreased number of red blood cells or an insuffi cient amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells its three main causes are decreased production of red blood cells, excessive blood loss, and a high rate of red blood cell destruction. • Other blood disorders and diseases include jaundice, hemophilia, polycythemia, intravascular clott ing, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Chapter 11 Review Understanding Key Concepts 1. True or False? Blood is considered a regulatory system. 2. Which of the following is not a basic component of blood? A. myocytes B. plasma C. thrombocytes D. leukocytes 3. Approximately what percentage of blood is composed of plasma?