348 Anatomy & Physiology Essentials Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 16. True or False? Blood was first classified according to type by an Austrian scientist named Karl Landsteiner in 1901. 17. Which of the following is not measured in a CBC? A. hematocrit B. number of white blood cells C. myoglobin D. hemoglobin 18. Agglutination can cause _____ of donated red blood cells. 19. A person who has _____ blood is considered to be a universal recipient. A. type A B. type B C. type AB D. type O 20. Which of the following is one of the three main causes of anemia? A. increased production of white blood cells B. platelet destruction C. decreased production of red blood cells D. blood vessel injury 21. True or False? Iron-deficient anemia accounts for almost 50% of all anemias. 22. Aplastic anemia is characterized by the inability of the bone marrow stem cells to make new _____. A. white blood cells B. plasma C. hemoglobin D. proteins 23. Pernicious anemia is caused by the inability of the intestines to absorb vitamin _____. 24. True or False? It is possible to inherit an anemic condition. 25. To develop sickle cell anemia, you must inherit the sickle cell gene from _____. A. your mother B. your father C. both parents D. your grandfather 26. _____ is a disease that affects proteins in hemoglobin and prevents the body from producing fully developed hemoglobin. 27. Which type of therapy is used to remove excess iron from the blood? A. chemotherapy B. radiation therapy C. chelation therapy D. vitamin B12 injection therapy Thinking Critically 28. Explain the process of hemostasis that occurs when a blood vessel wall has been injured. 29. Explain the characteristic that is used to distinguish among blood types in the ABO blood grouping system. Why is it dangerous to mix certain blood types for blood transfusions? 30. Identify the characteristic that makes blood types either positive (+) or negative (–). Explain the significance of these classifications. 31. Kelsey is a fifteen-year-old girl whose parents moved to Chicago from their native Sicily five years before she was born. When Kelsey was a baby, she was diagnosed with a blood disorder. As a result of this disorder, Kelsey experiences back and leg pain. She is often short of breath and tired. Which blood disorder is Kelsey experiencing? What can she do to manage her disease? 32. Rachael is a young mother with Rh-negative blood. Her first child, Hazel, was born two years ago and has Rh-positive blood. Rachael is now pregnant with her second child. What complications might arise if her second baby also has Rh-positive blood? What can Rachael’s doctor do to avoid these complications? Clinical Case Study 33. Among the topics discussed in the chapter, what may be happening to Donya? 34. Which diagnosis is most likely? 35. What types of tests might help evaluate Donya’s condition?