Section 1 Introduction to Plumbing 1 Safety ............................................... 3 2 Plumbing Tools .............................. 35 3 Leveling Instruments .................... 63 4 Mathematics for Plumbers .......... 71 5 Hydraulics and Pneumatics ........ 87 6 Print Reading and Sketching ...... 95 7 Rigging and Hoisting ................... 111 8 Building and Plumbing Codes ...119 9 Soldering, Brazing, and Welding .......................................127 10 Excavating ....................................135 Section 2 Plumbing Systems 11 Water Supply Systems ................149 12 Water Treatment ...........................167 13 Plumbing Fixtures ........................179 14 Piping Materials and Fittings ......193 15 Valves and Meters ...................... 225 16 Water Heaters ............................. 237 Section 3 Plumbing System Design and Installation 17 Designing Plumbing Systems ... 253 18 Preparing for Plumbing System Installation ................... 279 19 DWV Pipe and Fitting Installation ................................. 297 20 Installing Water Supply Piping ......................................... 323 21 Supporting and Testing Pipe ..... 347 22 Installing Fixtures, Faucets, and Appliances ......................... 359 23 Septic Systems ........................... 379 24 Storm Water and Sumps ........... 393 25 Installing HVAC Systems ........... 403 26 Swimming Pools, Hot Tubs, and Spas ....................................417 27 Irrigation Systems ....................... 427 Section 4 Plumbing Services 28 Repairing DWV Systems ........... 441 29 Repairing Water Supply Systems ..................................... 451 30 Remodeling ................................. 475 Section 5 Career Development and Plumbing History 31 Job Organization ......................... 495 32 Plumbing Career Opportunities ............................ 507 33 Plumbing History ........................ 531 Useful Information ...................... 549 Glossary ....................................... 568 Index ............................................. 596 Brief Contents viii Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.