Glossary 509
fruit pies. Pies made with fresh, frozen, or canned fruit
blended with sugar and cornstarch or flour. (24)
full warranty. A warranty that covers an entire
appliance. (5)
functional foods. Foods rich in phytonutrients. (2)
G
garnish. A decoration you can eat that adds color
to meals. (11)
gas range. A type of range that produces heat
when gas combines with oxygen in the air and
burns. (5)
gelato. Ice cream. (18)
gelatin. A powdered protein substance that,
when mixed with liquid, forms a firm, jellylike
consistency. (17)
gelatinization. This process occurs when starch
granules absorb water, swell, and cause a liquid
to become thicker. (18)
generic products. Products that have plain labels
and are not advertised. They are often the least
expensive. (12)
germ. The smallest part of a grain kernel. It
contains most of the kernel’s nutrients. A new
plant sprouts from the germ. (18)
gluten. A sticky, elastic protein that forms when
flour is mixed with liquid. (19)
goals. Aims you want to achieve. (25)
gram. A measure of weight. (2)
granules. Tiny pieces of starch inside the
endosperm of a grain seed. (18)
grate. To cut food into small pieces using the small
holes of a grater. (10)
gratuity. A sum of money given to restaurant staff
to show thanks for good service; also called a
tip. (14)
grease. To rub lightly with fat or oil. (10)
grind. To crush food into very tiny bits by putting it
through a food grinder. (10)
grits. Coarsely ground hominy. Grits are served as
a hot breakfast cereal. (18)
H
half-and-half. A mixture of milk and cream. It has
the least fat of all creams. (20)
healthy weight. The weight that is right for a
person’s age and height. (4)
heat susceptor. A cooking tray or cover that works
like a browning pan. (6)
hepatitis. Foodborne illness caused by a virus
found in water contaminated with sewage. (9)
herbs. Leaves from certain shrubs used to add
flavor to foods. (16)
hominy. Large, dried pieces of corn endosperm
that are boiled and served as a side dish. (18)
homogenized. Milk or cream in which the fat
has been broken into tiny pieces by a special
process. This process keeps the fat and watery
liquid in milk or cream from separating. (20)
hunger. The physical need for food. (1)
hydrogenation. The process that turns an
unsaturated fat into a saturated one. (2)
I
impingement oven. An oven that cooks food with
blasts of high-speed heated air. (5)
impulse buying. Making an unplanned purchase.
(12)
incomplete protein. Food of plant origin that
contains most, but not all, of the amino acids
needed by the body. (2)
ingredient. A food used to prepare a dish.
instant flour. A special form of all-purpose flour. It
is processed in a way that allows it to mix easily
in cold liquids. (18)
intellectual wellness. Keeping your mind active
and learning new knowledge and skills. (1)
interview. A planned meeting between a job
applicant and an employer. (25)
iron. A nutrient found in red blood cells. Its job is to
carry oxygen to body cells and remove carbon
dioxide. (2)
iron deficiency anemia. A common disease
caused by a low intake of iron. (2)
J
juice made from concentrate. Juice made by
adding water to juice concentrate. The added
water replaces the water that was removed to
make the concentrate. (15)
julienne. To cut food into long, thin strips the size
of matchsticks. (10)
K
knead. To press and fold a ball of dough with the
heels of your hands until the dough is smooth
and elastic. (10)
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